Dealing With Woodpecker and Sapsucker Tree Issues

Many woodpeckers and sapsuckers are tree bark-feeding birds with unique clinging feet, long tongues, and specialized beaks. These beaks are designed to help with communicating the possession of territory to rivals and locating and accessing sap and  insects. This is done mostly by rapid drumming  and pecking noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There is a big difference between the two birds. Sapsuckers Versus Woodpeckers The insect-eating woodpecker (family Picidae) has a long tongue — in many cases as long as the woodpecker itself — that can be quickly extended forward to capture insects from the inner and outer bark. Woodpeckers explore decaying cavities on trees and spots that have active insect activity. Woodpeckers tend to feed only on dead or dying wood and are generally considered harmless to a tree.  They do not feed on  tree sap  like their sap-sucking cousins, which can seriously damage trees.   You can tell the difference between the birds that have been visiting your trees by the holes they leave behind.  Sapsuckers have a tendency to  form lots of small holes in horizontal lines. This allows for sap to flow out when they are feeding. Meanwhile, the holes left behind by woodpeckers are larger and can be found in different spots up and down a tree.   The sapsucker is a serious tree pest. The most common sapsucker in North America, also the most destructive, is the American yellow-bellied sapsucker. The bird is one of four true sapsuckers in the family Sphyrapicus.   The American yellow-bellied sapsucker can attack, kill trees, and seriously degrade wood quality. Sapsuckers are migratory and can affect different tree and shrub species on a seasonal basis throughout eastern North America.  It spends summers in Canada and the northeastern United States and migrates to the southern states in the winter. Trees in Danger Certain tree species, like birch and maple, are particularly susceptible to death after being damaged by yellow-bellied sapsuckers. Wood decay, stain fungi, and bacteria may enter through the feeding holes. A USFS study concludes that when a red maple has been fed on by a sapsucker, its mortality rate goes up to 40 percent. Gray birch is even higher, at a 67 percent mortality rate. Hemlock and spruce trees are other food  favorites but seem more impervious to sapsucker damage. The death rate for these trees is at one to three percent. How a Woodpecker Feeds A woodpecker searches the surfaces of tree trunks and branches for wood-boring beetles, carpenter ants, and other insects. The pecking style they use for feeding is very different than their territorial drumming, which is done mainly in the spring of the year. When looking for insects, only a few pecks at a time are made. Then, the bird explores the resulting hole with its specialized bill and tongue. This behavior continues until an insect is found or the bird is satisfied that one is not there. The woodpecker may hop a few inches away and peck at another place. The bark holes created by this feeding activity often occur randomly  as the bird explores with pecking up, down, and around a tree trunk. This pecking style, for the most part, does not harm the tree. However, it can be a problem when a bird decides to visit wood siding, wooden eaves, and window frames. Woodpeckers can become destructive to property, especially wood cabins that are near mixed urban and woodland zones. How a Sapsucker Feeds Sapsuckers attack living wood to get at the sap inside. They often return to the tree to increase the size of the holes for more, fresh sap. Insects, especially those attracted to the sweet sap exuding from sap holes, are often captured and fed to the young during the breeding season. Repeated attacks of feeding  sapsuckers  can kill a tree by  girdling,  which occurs when a ring of bark around the trunk is severely injured.   In the United States, yellow-bellied sapsuckers are listed and protected under the  Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Taking, killing, or possessing this species is illegal without a permit. How to Repel Sapsuckers To discourage sapsuckers from feeding on your yard  tree, wrap hardware cloth or burlap around the area of attack. To protect buildings and other outside personal property,  place lightweight plastic bird-type netting over the area. Visual control using  toy plastic twirlers  fastened to the eaves, aluminum foil, or brightly-colored plastic strips are somewhat successful in  repelling birds by movement and reflection. Loud noises can also help but may be inconvenient to maintain over an extended period of time.   You can also smear on a sticky repellent.  Deer repellent  is also said to discourage feeding when sprayed on the tapped area. Remember that birds may choose another nearby tree for future tapping. It may be better to sacrifice the tapped and already damaged tree in favor of the loss of another tree due to future tapping damage. Source Rushmore, Francis M. Sapsucker. U.S.D.A. Forest Service Research Paper NE-136, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1969.

Summer Internship Project - 11120 Words

A PROJECT REPORT On â€Å"ANALYSIS OF ONLINE PRODUCTS OF RELIGARE AND STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING BUYING BEHAVIOR OF THESE PRODUCTS† Submitted in the partial fulfillment of â€Å"POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT† From INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES GHAZIABAD [pic] Date of submission- 22/07/10 COMPANY GUIDE FACULTY GUIDE Mr. Pankaj Bhatnagar Prof. Tapan Kumar Nayak Sales Manager IMS-GHAZIABAD†¦show more content†¦Hence to know about the preferences on which customers buy these products I have done this study to clear which are the most important factors.From this I found people concentrate much on the brokerages and other charges they pay rather than other factors.Hence the companies having least brokerage and other charges have maximum share in terms of Demat accounts in this market.Other factors are also playing important role in buying of these products as after sale services,portfolio management etc.Hence companies are trying hard to give more value to customers than their competitors to make and retain more customers. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are highly grateful to our project mentor Mr.Pankaj Bhatnagar(Branch Manager, Religare Securities) for his continuous support, supervision motivation and guidance through out the tenure of my project. .I would also like to thank Mr. Nitin Dogra (Relationship Manager, Religare Securities) and for his continuous support to understand the working of the stock market and the online products of the company. 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Anatomy of Blood Cells Exercise 32 Free Essays

CROSS-SECTIONAL VIEWS OF AN ARTERY AND OF A VEIN ARE SHOWN HERE. IDENTIFY EACH; ON THE LINES TO THE SIDES, NOTE THE STRUCTURAL DETAILS THAT ENABLED YOU TO MAKE THESE IDENTIFICATIONS: STRUCTURAL DETAILS: ARTERY: ROUND AND THICK VEIN: THIN AND SQUIGGLY 2 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNICA INTIMA INNERMOST TUNIC, THIN TUNIC OF CAPILLARIES 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNICA MEDIA ESPECIALLY THICK IN ELASTIC ARTERIES, CONTAINS SMOOTH MUSCLE AND ELASTIN 4 CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNICA EXTERNA MOST SUPERFICIAL TUNIC, HAS A SMOOTH SURFACE TO DECREASE RESISTANCE TO BLOOD FLOW 5 WHY ARE VALVES PRESENT IN VEINS BUT NOT IN ARTERIES? Veins need valves to create pressure to pump the blood to the heart. Blood flows away from the heart and, therefore, the pressure is not required. We will write a custom essay sample on Anatomy of Blood Cells Exercise 32 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Helps against gravity. 6 NAME TWO EVENTS OCCURING WITHIN THE BODY THAT AID IN VENOUS RETURN. 1. Respiratory â€Å"Pump†. Pressure changes that occur in the thorax during breathing. 2. Muscular â€Å"Pump†. Contraction and Relaxation of skeletal muscles surrounding the veins 7 WHY ARE THE WALLS OF ARTERIES PROPERTIONATELY THICKER THAN THOSE OF THE CORRESPONDING VEINS? Because the blood is pumped directly into arteries so there is more pressure on the arteries 8 THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM HAS ONE OF THESE; THE VENOUS SYSTEM HAS TWO BRACHIOCEPHALIC 9 THESE ARTERIES SUPPLY THE MYOCARDIUM CORONARY 10 TWO PAIRED ARTERIES SERVING THE BRAIN EXTERNAL CAROTID, INTERNAL CAROTID 11 LONGEST VEIN IN THE LOWER LIMB GREAT SAPHENOUS 12 ARTERY ON THE DORSUM OF THE FOOT CHECKED AFTER LEG SURGERY DORSALIS PEDIS 13 SERVES THE POSTERIOR THIGH FEMORAL 14 Ok, so you’re using my notecards which is great. I am glad I could help you out cause I wish I had someone to help me out when I took this course. I know Anatomy is super hard. I only ask that if you find these notecards helpful, you join Easy Notecards and create at least one notecard set to help others out. It can be for any subject or class. Thanks and don’t forget to rate my helpfulness! 15 SUPPLIES THE DIAPHRAGM PHRENIC 16 FORMED BY THE UNION OF THE RADIAL AND ULNAR VEINS BRACHIAL 17 TWO SUPERFICIAL VEINS OF THE ARM BASILIC, CEPHALIC 18 ARTERY SERVING THE KIDNEY RENAL 19 VEINS DRAINING THE LIVER HEPATIC 20 ARTERY THAT SUPPLIES THE DISTAL HALF OF THE LARGE INTESTINE INFERIOR MESENTERIC 21 DRAINS THE PELVIC ORGANS INTERNAL ILIAC 22 WHAT THE EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY BECOMES ON ENTRY INTO THE THIGH DEEP ARTERY OF THE THIGH, FEMORAL 23 MAJOR ARTERY SERVING THE ARM SUBCLAVIAN 24 SUPPLIES MOST OF THE SMALL INTESTINE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC 25 JOIN TO FORM THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA COMMON ILIAC 26 AN ARTERIAL TRUNK THAT HAS THREE MAJOR BRANCHES, WHICH RUN TO THE LIVER, SPLEEN, AND STOMACH CELIAC TRUNK 27 MAJOR ARTERY SERVING THE TISSUES EXTERNAL TO THE SKULL COMMON CAROTID 28 THREE VEINS SERVING THE LEG ANTERIOR TIBIAL, FIBULAR, POSTERIOR TIBIAL 29 ARTERY GENERALLY USED TO TAKE THE PULSE AT THE WRIST RADIAL 30 WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CEREBRAL ARTERIAL CIRCLE (CIRCLE OF WILLIS)? PROVIDES ALTERNATE PATHWAYS FOR BLOOD TO REACH BRAIN TISSUE IN THE CASE OF IMPAIRED BLOOD FLOW IN THIS SYSTEM. 31 THE ANTERIOR AND MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERIES ARISE FROM THE __1__ ARTERY. THEY SERVE THE __2__ OF THE BRAIN. 1. INTERNAL CAROTID 2 CEREBRUM 32 TRACE THE PATHWAY OF A DROP OF BLOOD FROM THE AORTA TO THE LEFT OCCIPITAL LOBE OF THE BRAIN, NOTING ALL STRUCTURES THROUGH WHICH IT FLOWS? subclavian artery, vertebral artery, basilar artery, posterior cerebral artery 33 LABEL ARTERIES 34 LABEL ARTERIES 35 LABEL ARTERIES 36 LABEL ARTERIES 37 LABEL ARTERIES 38 LABEL ARTERIES 39 LABEL ARTERIES 40 LABEL ARTERIES 41 TRACE THE PATHWAY OF A CARBON DIOXIDE GAS MOLECULE IN THE BLOOD FROM THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA UNTIL IT LEAVES THE BLOODSTREAM. NAME ALL STRUCTURES (VESSELS, HEART CHAMBERS, AND OTHERS) PASSED THROUGH EN ROUTE. RIGHT ATRIUM - RIGHT VENTRICLE - PULMONARY TRUNK - RIGHT OR LEFT PULMONARY ARTERY - LOBAR ARTERY - PULMONARY CAPILLARY BEDS IN LUNGS - AIR SACS OF LUNGS. How to cite Anatomy of Blood Cells Exercise 32, Papers

Epic Poetry And Beowulf Essay Paper Example For Students

Epic Poetry And Beowulf Essay Paper The Epic Beowulf Beowulf is an epic poem that takes place In early medieval warrior culture of Europe. An epic is a narrative poem containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation. Beowulf Is a brave warrior. He ventures off to another land to help lade In defeating a demon/monster. Epics usually Include war or combat one on one, as In the three battles featured In this poem. Beowulf shows his courage and skill by slaying Greened without the use of a shield or sword. In lines (507-513) Beowulf states l mount myself weaker in war or grapple of battle than Greened himself. Therefore I scorn to slay him with sword deal deadly wound, as I well might do- nothing he knows of a noble fighting, of thrusting and hewing and hacking of shield. Beowulf is a well-known noble who fights evil. We could compare this to every day life situations. Cops versus bad guys. In lines (632-638) Beowulf says l had a fixed purpose when I was put to sea. As I sat in the boat with my band of men, I meant to perform to the uttermost what your people wanted to perish in the attempt, In the fiends clutches. And I shall fulfill that purpose, prove myself with a proud deed or meet my death here In the mead- hall. In current times of todays world men and women go out as police officers to serve and protect us. We can compare this story to current events. When he battles Greened, his mother and the Dragon he demonstrates bravery and courage. Beowulf protected his culture until his death. It is said that the epic hero is on a quest for something of great value to him or his people. Epic heroes are known to be braver, stronger, smarter and clever then an ordinary person. Beowulf was on a quest for something of great value to him or his people. Beowulf knew the consequences if he failed his mission. Beowulf courage pushed him to defeat Greened and Grenades mother never fears to challenge. A line that is short but that best describes Beowulf Is In line 340 The man his name was known for courage. Epic stories usually feature boasting, as when Beowulf is provoked by his undershirts, into boasting about his exploits as a youth. Later in epic we learned Beowulf is not only good when he battles but also he is generally a good moral arson. In lines 2177-2170 proves he was a moral person in stating Thus Beowulf bore himself with velour he was formidable in battle yet behaved with honor and took no advantage. Epic stories contain tragic deaths, as in the tragic death of Beowulf himself. O flower of warriors, beware of that trap. Choose, dear Beowulf, the better part, eternal rewards. Do not give way to pride. For a brief while your strength is in Passport 3 bloom but It fades quickly; and soon there will follow Illness or the sword to lay you owe, or a sudden fire or surge of water or Jabbing blade or Javelin from the alarm or warrior, to sweep you away (1758-1768). This quote foretells Beowulf of his own death. Todays epics are considered old English greatest work. This epic poem has meaning and symbolism. Beowulf does great deeds for others such as he helps the Danes against Greened and his mother. Again this Epic poem can be seen in every day life. Life is a daily struggle. Beowulf faces challenge after challenge and yet still seems to keep fighting for the greater good. Remember to make your life an epic story Just like the one told in Beowulf.